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Sea Ports of India

India has a coast line of 6080 Km
India has 12 major and 185 small & medium ports.
The cargo handled is 345 mtg in 2004 and the major ports of India are

Mumbai – Natural harbour;
handles one-fifth of India’s foreign trade
covers a vast hinterland and well connected by Railway and Roadway network
Important items of export are cotton textiles machines leather tobacco etc.

JawaharlalNehruPort / Nhava Sheva port
Built on NhavaShevaIsland
Releases pressure on Mumbai port
The first private sector International contain
Terminal became operational in 2000.
It is a twin port of Mumbai.

Kandla
Developed after loosing Karachi to Pakistan
Located at eastern end of Gulf of  Kachchh
Port has modern facilities.
Covers the hinterland of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Delhi, Haryana, Punjab,  Uttar Pradesh.

Marmagoa
Located at the entrance of Zuvari estuary
has capacity to handle 16.1 mt
Export iron ore
Small hinterland – Goa, North Karnataka.

New Mangalore
Important port north of Gurpur river
hinterland lies in Karnataka and Kerala.
exports spices and tea, iron ore,  rubber

Kochi
Natural harbour
Ship building centre
hinter landis Kerala and Tamilnadu
an international bunkering  terminal  are to be taken up in the near future.

Kolkata Haldia
on the left bank of Hugli river  about 128 km inland from Bay of Bengal.
called as Gateway to Eastern India
handles goods from South east Asia.
main exporter of jute products, coal, tea, iron ore, copper, leather, manganese, Paper
chemicals.
It suffer from siltage of Hugli river

Haldia
Developed on the confluence of R. Hugli an Haldia.
To release congestion at Kolkata
Receives large vessels
Haldia’s future is in uncertainity as Bhagirathi has changed its course

Paradwip:
12 meter deep all weather port located on Orissa coast.
Exports iron ore to Japan

Vizag:  deepest land locked port located in Andhra Pradesh
Exports iron ore
Handles 16.7 mt of Cargo
Hinterland is AP Chhathisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Karnatka.

Chennai & Ennore
Chennai’s –oldest artificial harbour while Ennore is  a new one
Handles petroleum products, iron ore
Imports coal, crude oil, fertilizers etc

Tuticorn
Located in the Southern part
hinterland Tamilnadu